NSAS stands for Indian Small Arms System. It is a family of infantry arms consisting of an assault rifle, a light machine gun and a carbine. It is manufactured by the Indian State Ordnance Factory Board at their Ishapore Rifle Factory. Although largely based on the ever popular AK-47 Rifles, the INSAS has a number of differences making it a unique rifle. It has features and design borrowed from the FN FNC, AK-74, the Galil and G3. In assault rifle version it has semi-auto and 3-round burst modes much like the US M16A2 assault rifles. These rifles have been exported to the neighbouring kingdom of Nepal. Although other parties have shown interest, none have yet come forward to purchase these rifles. The INSAS rifle saw combat with Indian soldiers during the 1999 Kargil conflict with Pakistan. Quoting the Times of India newspaper [1], the rifle had some reliability problems in the very cold climate in which that conflict took place, apparently some of these problems with the rifle have been fixed.
The INSAS rifle was sold at a very discounted rate to the government of Nepal, and many more given as military aid to combat Maoist insurgency. Some sources claim around 100,000 were exported to Nepal as part of this agreement.
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