If you compare a 150 0.308 bullet at about 2180 fps has about 1580 ft-lbs of energy. This is about the velocity that you can get from a 20 inch barreled 30-30. I know some 150 gr 30-30 loads will go a bit faster. A 170 gr 30-30 will go 2000-2100 fps, which also has about 1530 ft-lbs of energy.
In the 25-223AR, I am able to push a 100 gr bullet to about 2580-2600 fps (from a 16-inch barrel), which has about 1500 ft-lbs of energy. (Note: with some of the "newer" designer powders like LEVERevolution, you might be able to get a bit more velocity.
So I guess they are pretty close, out past about 100 yrds, the higher B.C. 25 cal bullet has it all over the 30-30 flat nose bullet. The Hornaday LEVERevolution FlexTip 30 cal bullets are a different story.
Bottom line, the 25-223AR is a 30-30 class cartridge with better down range ballistics.
320pf