Only one out of 5 of the "thieves" got caught. The other 4 made it out of the country. The one who got caught spent the night with some honey in Florida and it delayed his flight. He got caught getting onto the airplane. Also the one who was caught was the brother in law of a Chinese billionaire. (yes, billion) He had the best local lawyers in Des Moines, I assume paid for by his BIL. Since you don't get to be a billionaire in China without the governments permission I assume indirectly his defense was getting paid by the Chinese government.
Keep in mind one of the primary tenets of The Art of War is to pay you spies well, there is no doubt he will be richly rewarded for his troubles. Also, while he was here in the USA waiting for trial, he was out on bond with 24 hour a day body guards making sure he did not skip town. (His BIL had to pay for them as per a pre trial agreement) He also was treated for cancer in Houston TX while he was here. Would he have gotten the good cancer treatment in China? Who knows.
Meanwhile what happens to American spies? My guess is they go right under the bus courtesy of the USA leadership. Since I work at the Federal Courthouse I got to see this whole thing play out over the course of 18 months. kwg
http://www.foxnews.com/food-drink/2016/10/11/chinese-man-going-to-prison-for-stealing-us-corn-seeds-dupont-trade-secrets.html