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My hats off to anyone who can see through a .047 or smaller aperture, and get a good sight picture. Live and learn I guess.
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A little understanding goes a long way so I offer the following. First, a small target aperture, say .042" is designed to be used with the shooter's eye placed close to the aperture; say within 1-1½". That way the picture through the aperture appears large enough to be of use and as you'll see below, the optical benefit of sighting through a small aperture is maximized.
A smaller rear aperture benefits the shooter in 2 ways when used correctly. First, the correct use of a 'target' aperture such as the .042" versions I use on levergun tang sights, the rear sight of my Ruger Mini-14, and my M1A requires that the shooter's eye is set closely to it, the closer the better; about 1-1½". With one's eye close to the aperture, one gains first, the maximum benefit of increased Depth of Field and second, as the rear aim point is smaller, it produces a more precise sighting system.
Depth of Field; what is it and why do I care? Optically, the Depth of Field (DoF) is defined as the span of distance wherein objects appear to be in focus. This distance is increased when one sights through a small aperture, in fact for a given lightening, the smaller the aperture, the longer the DoF. Conversely, larger the aperture, the shorter the DoF. That's why you can see sharper on a bright, sunlit day and not so well at night; your iris closes down in bright light and opens in low light.
Those of us more 'seasoned' shooters and some of you more younger ones with less than perfect eyesight, note that looking at your front sight centered in a semi-buckhorn rear sight produces an off focus image of both the post and the target. When you focus on the front sight, the target is even more blurry. What's happening is that your natural DoF is insufficient to allow you to see both the sights and the target clearly with these sights. Increasing the lightening helps a bit but your eyes simply can't adjust so that you can see the front sight and target clearly like you once could.
Now, if one simply replaces the rear sight with an aperture sight and sights through it from say, 6"-10" away, all you see is a tiny hole, a blurry front sight and target, and conclude that it's not for you. However, if you place your eye very close to your standard large rear aperture, say within 1-1½", you'll note that the area inside the aperture seems a bit clearer, you can see a lot more real estate through it, and the system is useful as an aiming system. Now, if you then decide to reduce the aperture size to around .042-.050"" with your eye within 1-1½" from the rear aperture, you'll note that almost magically, the front sight is in sharp focus and so it the target, even though it may be 100yds away. That's because you are sighting through a small aperture close to your eye and that increases your DoF dramatically. So now that we've got your DoF addressed, the second advantage of a small rear aperture is that the smaller aperture a more precise aiming point.