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Not all GI parts will fit the Chicom rifle. The flash hider will change out easily to a GI one. If memory serves some of the M14S had problems with headspace so it might be a good idea to have your gunsmith check it for you. Oh, the GI op rod will not interchange with the Chinese one without some modifications. These are things I learned when I owned one I picked up for about $350 new many moons ago. Also, if it is still in the Chinese stock with the rubber but pad, find a M1A Springfield takoff stock and swap it out. Works just fine.
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Most GI parts will fit. These are the differences: Metric threads on the barrel for flash suppressor nut and gas cylinder lock.
Metric threads on the gas cylinder for the gas cylinder plug.
The diameters are slightly different for the gas cylinder I.D. and the piston O.D.
There is a lock screw for the barrel on the front right side of the receiver and a corresponding hole partially into the barrel.
If a Polytech, the connector lock will be shorter than GI (flush with outer receiver wall). If Norinco, the connector lock is GI-length.
None shipped with
real flash suppressors. Many have welded flash suppressor nuts (by the importer).
What this means:If you swap for a US barrel, remove the screw first from the original barrel before unscrewing the barrel. It will not be needed again. (It wasn't needed on the original Chinese barrel either).
You must use a US gas cylinder lock on a US barrel, and a metric gas cylinder lock on a Chinese barrel.
Piston, gas cylinder, and plug must be either all-Chinese or all-US. They can be on either barrel.
You may force thread a US flash suppressor nut onto a Chinese barrel. It can go on and off after forcing as per usual disassembly/re-assembly. Be very careful not to cross-thread it (sideways). You are technically cross-threading it, but do so straightly.
If you swap stocks on a Polytech, either fill the gap or swap a US connector lock to keep it from walking right into the disassembly position. Every original Chinese import I've seen had a flip-up buttplate and kit compartment (copy of GI). Most Chinese stocks are oversize and crappy.
Full-auto parts vs not:Norinco rifles have US-copy operating rods, sears, and connector locks, which were 3 of the select-fire parts in the M14. Polytech rifles have these 3 parts modified to semi-auto-only parts.
Either Chinese op-rod (Polytech/Norinco) will fully interchange with a US op-rod. They are also forged. The receivers are forged as well. The barrel and everything on the rifle, except the stock and rear sight, are typically great parts.
The headspace could be on the long side of 7.62 NATO, or not. It could increase too much over time-in-service, or not. A NATO field gauge and/or your fired brass will tell the tale.
Chinese rifles shipped with copied "WCE" marked rear sights. I've only found 1 non-crappy one in 8 rifles I've been through. That's why I never buy any WCE-marked sight, as I cannot be sure of its origin.
I greatly prefer Chinese rifles to any of the US commercial copies once the sight and stock are changed, and the headspace is verified.