I've seen the 12.7" size mentioned several times for an E2 build.
However, I noticed in one thread, that the 12.7" measurement was from the muzzle to the end of the barrel extension.
Here's a picture....
That's not normally how barrel length is measured. Usually it's measured from muzzle to breach face, and in the case of an ar15, the breach face sits inside the barrel extension. I have a feeling when Brownell's made their 12.7" "moderator ready" barrels, they used the correct way to measure barrel length.
When I built my xm177e2 I used an 11.5" barrel with an ar15sport moderator, with is 4.8" long (half inch longer than a real moderator, 4.3"). I had to shim the grenade ring a bit, which gave me an extra .20", and ended up with a final barrel length of 16.125" (measured muzzle to breach face).
With the measurements from my build, I'd estimate that you would need a barrel about 12.2" in length to use a standard 4.3" moderator.