First, the Steiner M22G's have been replaced by the Fujinon M22B binocular with the multi-spectrum "green" laser filter.
The M24 is the very newest issue the Army is providing. Smaller and lighter than the M22, ideal for airborne and other special ops troops.
Go here for more information:
http://w4.pica.army.mil/voice1997/970425/binoculars.html
The scale you see inside is a mil-dot reticle. I will quote from the operator manual for the M22(TM 9-1240-403-12 & P)
Use of the reticle
One of the telescopes of the binocular includes a horizontal and vertical scale reticle graduated in 10-mil increment unit markings (1 unit-10 mils, 2 units-20 mils, etc)
Fire corrections can be made by viewing the impact area and determining angular corrections by use of the left and right horizontal reticle scale.
In determining range, if an object fills one 10 mil unit marking on the horizontal reticle scale and is known to be 10 meters wide, the object is 1000 meters away. If the same size object fill two unit markings (20 mils), it would be 500 meters away. When this formula is used, the distance will be given in the same units of measurement(feet, meters, etc) as is used in estimating the known size of the object. The same formula can be used to determine range with the vertical scale when the height of an object is known. The use of the vertical scale is preferred(especially on level terrain), since objects are often viewed obliquely along the horizontal axis.
Hope this helps you understand better. Maybe some of the others can provide more info.