To be technically correct, Glock is neither single nor double action. Read up on the details of the "safe action" to see what I'm talking about. The striker is partially cocked when a round is chambered/when the slide is racked, the striker is fully cocked and released by pulling the trigger. With that said, it's somewhat similar in usage to a two-stage single-action trigger. Anyways, I'm surprised nobody mentioned the Auto-Ordnance (Kahr) 1911. I know it's a POS, but it's below $550. In all seriousness, you may be able to find some Taurus pistols for what you're looking for. What about those Rock Island Arsenal (Philippine-made) 1911's ? I'm sure there's some less-expensive Hi-Power clones out there, too. Oh yeah, AK and AR pistols are single-action, too, and I'm sure you could find some for the price you're asking
If it were me, though, based on your parameters, I'd pick the Glock.