You can mess with them or just empty them early.
If they are someplace the sun will hit them that blue should help melt the surface ice that will form some nights. It will take a lot of cold over several days to freeze, this is my concept considering that cold gradually comes along and a few nights in the 20s with days in the 40s will not be freezing 55 gallons of water.
You can't just leave some room at the top for expansion most likely. I would expect it to seriously stress the sides out but you can probably run some searches on freezing drums of liquids and see what you find. I would expect it to not burst but to weaken them and you would find the common whitish areas in plastic where it is common for a crack to start.
That pipe will freeze before the barrel.
And at the same time, dripping water is slower to freeze due to movement but I think it would build ice up in the pipe.
Someone who wants to mess with math can figure out what temp it would take over x hours to freeze that much water.
If it caught a lot of sun early in the morning and you don't really have that harsh a winter due to being near the river in ohio I might let things slide really really far. But being lazy and not checking it might find a really big ice cube and I don't have a mug to handle that much ice and anything.
I am the fella who leaves the zip out windows out of the jeep for a really long time. One window died this spring so it might be all winter this year.
Depending on how you want to do things this sort of thing might work or it might not be worth the hassle.
And if you just have say 5 gallons of water in there it will freeze up quicker than 40 gallons.
Actually I would stick a 5 gallon bucket of water out and use it as my "give a care" bucket. If the 5 gallons is not frozen I don't even care what the drums did.