Quoted:
I think the "just went off" story is BS. It would have to be a really crappy rifle to fail a drop test off a baggage cart in an airline-approved hardcase. (Was there any water pipe involved in the construction? Was this one of birdman's .50s?) OTOH, somehow a round got into the chamber. Either the owner was really dumb and left one in there or was kind of dumb and left some in the mag for a TSA monkey to chamber. Either way, he's not blameless.
As far as ammo goes, you are allowed to have X pounds of pistol or rifle ammo in the hardcase; I usually carry a box or two.
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Second the one-in-the-mag theory. Three possible outcomes from that--he left one in the mag and chambered it while showing ticket agent firearm was unloaded (and was stupid missing bright shiny case in action), then the rifle failed the drop test; same thing, except ND caused by TSA monkey playing with rifle; or, traveler did NOT show ticket agent rifle was empty and TSA monkey played with rifle and had an ND.
Otherwise, you're assuming the TSA monkey deliberately took out rifle, took out ammo, took out round, loaded in rifle, and then had ND. I'd say too many other folks (even if they are ignorant TSA and airport police personnel) in the area would have screamed if they had seen that.
No matter which scenario you follow, though, the fault still rests with the traveler for not verifying, several times, that his rifle was empty.
{edited to add final paragraph.)