Permit to Carry Pistol in Vehicle or Concealed on Person -Required; Possession of Unloaded Pistol in Motor Vehicle.

Except as otherwise prohibited by law. A person legally permitted to possess a pistol, but who does not possess a valid concealed weapon permit, may possess an unloaded pistol in his or her motor vehicle if the pistol is locked in a compartment or container that is in or affixed securely to the vehicle and out of reach of the driver and any passenger in the vehicle.
A person may lawfully transport a firearm, including a handgun, from one state in which they are legal to possess to another state without a permit as required under Alabama law, provided the following conditions are met:
The firearm is unloaded.
Neither the firearm nor any ammunition being transported is readily accessible or is directly accessible from the passenger compartment of such transporting vehicle.
In case of a vehicle without a compartment separate from the driver's compartment, the firearm and ammunition shall be in a locked container other than the glove box or console.
Title 18 U.S.C. section 926A

Carrying rifle or shotgun walking cane.Any  person who  carries  a  rifle  or  shotgun  walking  cane  shall,  on  conviction,  be  fined  not  less than  $500.00  nor  more  than  $1,000.00,  and  be  imprisoned  in  the  penitentiary  not  less  than  two years.(Code 1876, § 4111; Code 1886, § 3777; Code 1896, § 4422; Code 1907, §6423; Code 1923, § 3489; Code 1940, T. 14, § 165; Code 1975, § 13-6-124.)

PISTOL. Any firearm with a barrel less than 12 inches in length.
RIFLE.Any weapon designed or redesigned, made or remade, and  intended to be fired from the shoulder and designed or redesigned and made or remade to use the energy of the explosive in a fixed metallic cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled bore for each pull of the trigger
SHORT-BARRELED RIFLE.A rifle having one or more barrels less than 16 inches in length and any  weapon  made  from  a  rifle  (whether  by  alteration,  modification,  or  otherwise)  if  such weapon, as modified, has an overall length of less than 26 inches