You've already got some good/great answers, but here's a few more things to keep in mind
1 - address some/all of the concerns re: safety into the design and operating policy of the range. IE, excessive buffer land around it especially down range direction, design of shooting stations to provide controlled impact area should muzzles rise too high, excessively high and over built berms, real range officers on duty during operating hours, etc.
2 - lead issues will be a big challenge, and may effect where you could effectively have a range of any type (ie the "springs protection zones" - which I agree with in name but am not familiar with how exactly they protect - ie limiting fertilizer use etc and we really don't want lead in the aquifer....). Do that research before you buy. You'll have federal, state, and county EPA to deal with, possibly water management, etc.
3 - you'll still need to be convenient to a city of size so that you have a customer base. I pay 360/yr for my GTR membership, if it weren't for my minor kids coming with me for free I'd save money by doing a $20/day pass and it is only 20 minutes from me. End up NW of Live Oak or North of Lake City, etc and you'll be an hour and a half from anywhere, and not a lot of folks will be willing to pay a yearly membership and need to drive that far to actually use it. You'll also need facilities for folks who come for matches - this may mean hotel nearby-ish or camping/rv, etc. on-site. As well as food.
I'd figure out #2 and #3 and see what land is available, then worry about zoning, permits needed, etc. and re-evaluate. If it still looks like a go, buy land as soon as you can and either plant it in pines or lease to a farmer for the ag discount on taxes while you keep on waiting.
Maybe even buy the land now anyway, lease it back out to a hunt club or get the ag discount by leasing to a farmer or planting pines etc. If the range idea falls through you can always use existing ponds etc and add a few more ponds, feed plots, wood plots, etc and turn it into a premier hunting/fishing place that also happens to have your personal 1000 yard range on it.... heck depending on how much land you get (see the "excessive buffer land" statement) you could do that anyway, just limit open range time during hunting season, or use mounted shooting toobs as suppressors for everyone :). After all, big holes will be dug somewhere to get dirt for your berms... may as well get some fishing done in the pond/lake you could be creating....