From USSA Today...Is this is, or is this aint....Imbroglio?
Famous for its use in the military's M-16 rifle, the .223-caliber round is known for causing extensive tissue damage, says surgeon Ron Maier of the Northwest Regional Trauma Center at Harborview Medical Center in Seattle.
Like all high-velocity bullets, the .223 slug passes through the body with an accompanying shock wave that whipsaws blood vessels and organ tissue that are inches away from the bullet.
The "cavitation," or cavity, caused by the high-velocity shock wave may briefly expand the diameter of the bullet hole almost 2 inches, about 10 times the width of the slug itself, before it collapses behind, tearing tissue further.
In contrast, low-velocity rounds used in many handguns pack less of a punch and follow a straighter path. "A bullet from [b]a .22 rifle or .38-caliber [/b][s]and thats all[/s] handgun can go right next to the aorta (a major blood vessel) and be all right," says Maier. "With a .223, if it gets within 3 inches, it's a disaster."