This is old-line policing that predictably generates illegal stops of pedestrians and motorists," said Harvey Grossman, legal director of the Chicago office of the American Civil Liberties Union. "The best policies in law enforcement today frown upon quotas and it's also the antithesis of community policing. You are supposed to be problem-solving and working with people."
"It's surprising that it's been put in writing," Grossman said. "Quotas are always bad. They put pressure on police to make stops whether these are good or bad stops."
Nolan, whose union represents the rank-and-file members of the department, said: "We do not agree with any quota system. Our members do not make arrests based on a quota."
Efforts to reach Fitzgerald were unsuccessful Friday. His officers patrol the Cabrini-Green and Lathrop Homes housing developments in an area that for years has been largely populated by minorities, but recently has seen gentrification and an influx of young urban professionals.
Grossman was particularly critical of a requirement in the first memo that officers each day fill out three contact cards, which contain information about someone officers stopped but did not arrest. "This is when police officers just stop cars and stop people to stop them," he said.
Camden defended the Jan. 20 memo, though he, too, conceded, "It's unusual to see it in writing."
"There has to be a way to evaluate people," Camden said. "This isn't unreasonable. There has to be a way to account for an officer's time."
Camden said police officers make out contact cards when "they see someone who appears to be suspicious."
He said an officer might well stop someone who looks out of place in a particular neighborhood. "They stop them and question them and make out a card," he said.
Not excessive
Camden said the quotas listed in the Jan. 20 memo were not excessive. "You're not going to have 28 quiet days," he said. "Your activity is looked at every day. It's what you are paid to do. You can't tell me that an officer can be out all day and not see [illegal] traffic activity."
Asked if he believed a quota system might result in improper arrests or police stops, Camden said, "I really don't think so. ... If you're not making arrests, what are you doing with your time?"
Fitzgerald's Jan. 20 memo noted that if officers were unable to meet the quota of four arrests, they would be required to meet "some combination" of the other activities.
The memo was sent anonymously to the Tribune attached to a letter addressed to Police Supt. Terry Hillard, as well as several other high-ranking police officers. The letter, typed on official department stationery and purportedly authored by a member of Fitzgerald's unit, stated that Fitzgerald "threatened to get rid of any officer who does not comply with his mandate and any officer whom he feels is not a `team player.'"
"I have personally been the subject of retaliatory action...by Lt. Fitzgerald for not complying with his mandate," the letter said.