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AR15.COM
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12/17/2004 9:25:26 AM EDT
Please pardon my ignorance, but I need to clear something up. I was always under the impression that these rounds were identical, just named different due to civilian/military reasons (much like the .308/7.62. Can either round be fired from any AR15? I ask because I read somewhere recently that you couldn't fire 5.56 ammo from an AR chambered for .223, but you could fire either round from a weapon chambered for the 5.56. Is this just internet noise or what?
12/17/2004 9:30:34 AM EDT
[#1]
Read the Ammo-Oracle
www.ammo-oracle.com

12/17/2004 9:32:18 AM EDT
[#2]
It's not so much that you can't, but that you shouldn't.

Otherwise you're right-on.  5.56 mil ammo is loaded to higher pressures, a .223 chamber is not advisable.

For the technical details, see the Ammo FAQ above.
12/17/2004 9:40:17 AM EDT
[#3]
Unfortunately, that website is blocked here at work. I guess they haven't gotten around to blocking this site and 1911forum, or I'd be totally screwed.

So, a rifle chambered for 5.56 is built beefier than a .223 chamber? I'd like to be able to take advantage of good deals on surplus ammo when I finally get to purchase my first AR. Or is there that much difference in price?
12/17/2004 10:08:32 AM EDT
[#4]
Here's some of the information from the Ammo Oracle:

Q. What is the difference between 5.56×45mm and .223 Remington ammo?
In the 1950's, the US military adopted the metric system of measurement and uses metric measurements to describe ammo.  However, the US commercial ammo market typically used the English "caliber" measurements when describing ammo.  "Caliber" is a shorthand way of saying "hundredths (or thousandths) of an inch."  For example, a fifty caliber projectile is approximately fifty one-hundredths (.50) of an inch and a 357 caliber projectile is approximately three-hundred and fifty-seven thousandths (.357) of an inch.  Dimensionally, 5.56 and .223 ammo are identical, though military 5.56 ammo is typically loaded to higher pressures and velocities than commercial ammo and may, in guns with extremely tight "match" .223 chambers, be unsafe to fire.

The chambers for .223 and 5.56 weapons are not the same either.  Though the AR15 design provides an extremely strong action, high pressure signs on the brass and primers, extraction failures and cycling problems may be seen when firing hot 5.56 ammo in .223-chambered rifles.  Military M16s and AR15s from Colt, Bushmaster, FN, DPMS, and some others, have the M16-spec chamber and should have no trouble firing hot 5.56 ammunition.

Military M16s have slightly more headspace and have a longer throat area, compared to the SAAMI .223 chamber spec, which was originally designed for bolt-action rifles.  Commercial SAAMI-specification .223 chambers have a much shorter throat or leade and less freebore than the military chamber.  Shooting 5.56 Mil-Spec ammo in a SAAMI-specification chamber can increase pressure dramatically, up to an additional 15,000 psi or more.

The military chamber is often referred to as a "5.56 NATO" chamber, as that is what is usually stamped on military barrels.  Some commercial AR manufacturers use the tighter ".223" (i.e., SAAMI-spec and often labeled ".223" or ".223 Remington") chamber, which provides for increased accuracy but, in self-loading rifles, less cycling reliability, especially with hot-loaded military ammo.  A few AR manufacturers use an in-between chamber spec, such as the Wylde chamber.  Many mis-mark their barrels too, which further complicates things.  You can generally tell what sort of chamber you are dealing with by the markings, if any, on the barrel, but always check with the manufacturer to be sure.

Typical Colt Mil-Spec-type markings: C MP 5.56 NATO 1/7

Typical Bushmaster markings: B MP 5.56 NATO 1/9 HBAR

DPMS marks their barrels ".223", though they actually have 5.56 chambers.

12/17/2004 10:18:40 AM EDT
[#5]
Not beefier, just a tad more expansion room in the shoulder and neck, and a little more unrifled area in the bore just ahead of the chamber, called the leade or throat.

Both intended to keep pressures from exceeding limits, especially the throat. If the bullet is already engaging the rifling while in the chamber, the chances are that pressures will spike when the round is fired. The extreme is the 80 grain match round; the bullet is so long that specially-chambered rifles should be used which need even more leade than a standard .223 chambering to fire that round without going KBoom.

5.56 and .223 chambers can be made from the same lot of barrel blanks, only difference is in how the chamber and barrel rifling are cut.

12/17/2004 10:25:48 AM EDT
[#6]
That's precisely what I needed to know fellas. Thanks for pasting that info too.
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