Having not shot a bow in 30 years, I recently purchased my first bow.
It took 15 shots at the Cabela's in FT Worth to get my 20yd pin sighted in.
When I got home I was able to hit my buddies 3D target (in the kill zone) on the first shot.
The other 3 pins were already set for 30, 40 & 50 yds.
I shot 60-75 times that day at all 4 distances and only missed once and attribute that to a gust of wind that kicked up as I was about to shoot.
I'm certainly no pro, but I know I can hit what I'm aiming at. I practice every other day and have been having my wife set the target at different distances (while I'm not looking) to help me gauge my distance.
I want to be able to hit a smaller target such as a tennis ball size (or smaller) as opposed to pie plate size target on the deer target.
So to answer one of your questions, I don't find that it was that hard to learn. YMMV.
I can't tell you how much to spend though, that would depend on your budget I guess.
Cabela's had a special going on the day I was there (may still have it going on, who knows). I got the bow with arrow rest, quiver, sight, limb saver stuff, etc for $600.00. Another $175.00 for arrows, a hard case, broad heads, a release, and... I think that's it.
I spent more than I wanted, but I'm happy with my purchase.