Since 2005:
Inception - One of the craziest, mind bending movies ever. Special effects are the best I've ever seen. Plenty of action on multiple levels. Real thinking man's movie.
The Dark Knight - Pretty obvious pick. Best Batman movie ever created (IMO). Better action scenes than Batman Begins.
IP Man (IP Man 2 is good, but not nearly as good as #1). Arguably the best martial arts movie made thus far. The fight scene of IP Man vs. the 10 Japanese blackbelts may be the best fight in cinema history.
13 Assassins - Another martial arts movie that is fantastic. Action takes a long time to build up, but the final battle scene runs around 30 minutes, and is incredible. Lots of sword play.
Furious Five - Arguably one of the best chase scenes I know of. Certainly more mainstream than most movies, but it did a better job at being enjoyable than most.
Children of Men - Haven't seen this one in full, but a great idea about surviving in a SHTF UK.
Kick-Ass - Rather funny take on an action movie. Nicholas cage dies a bloody death, and that may be worth watching for it alone. Lots of good gun play.
Taken - Saw this the week it came out. I had no idea that it would turn out to be arguably the best, solid action movie that has been PG-13..Right up there with The Dark Knight or Inception, but for totally different reasons.
Crank 2: High Voltage - Easily the most insane action movie made. Totally non-stop 90 minutes of killing, sex, and language. Not the best, but a pretty crazy movie that is worth watching.
Hobo With A Shotgun - I really was looking forward to this one before it came out. Low-budget, grindhouse fare. Not the most fantastic movie, but it was very enjoyable with its over-the-top action. Can pick it up as a rental pretty cheaply. May be one of the few movies made recently that involves killing lots of children.
300 - The quintessential man movie of the past 6 years. Take Lord of the Rings and inject an R rating with a lot more sex and murder - that is 300.
Live Free or Die Hard - great installment to the Die Hard quadrilogy, despite being made ~15 years after the last one
Punisher: Warzone - saw this one on a whim. Very bloody, very violent. Very satisfying. One of the more obscure titles at theaters, but I loved it. Doesn't star Thomas Jane, the original punisher. This one is far more evil and true to character.
Rambo - Stallone's return to his quintessential character. The movie kind of drags on, but the action scenes are incredible.
The Expendables - Not as good of a movie as you'd hope with action's biggest stars. However, its enjoyable for what it is. Certainly looking forward to the 2nd installment.
Star Trek - A surprising take on the series not known for its action. JJ Abrams injected a ton of action and did great with the movie. One of the better sci-fi movies of the past ~6 years.
Book of Eli - Great post-apocalyptic movie with a decent bit of action. Gets kinda preachy to some, but is nevertheless great.
Machete - Rather political and pro-immigrant, but the action is solid. Lots of nudity too if you like that sorta thing.
Most should be available via Netflix.