When I worked EMT ambulance shifts in Leadville in the late 70s, the Army used to train at Camp Hale, not far from us. After assisting their medics bringing in their casualties from numerous training accidents, we often had time to sit and compare jobs.
They did in fact practice field amputaions on live goats at the time, and bragged about it in detail. We all were fascinated in a repulsed sort of way. Something in us thought this was very useful, and kinda cool, and our rational sides were horrified, both at the thought of *these* guys doing surgery, and no anesthetic being used on the goats.
BTW, I have never seen a lower standard of EMS care than these guys exhibited. They were rough in their patient handling, and their basic care, (splinting, immobilizing, bandaging), seemed sloppy.
I am fully aware of the differences between civilian and military triage and such, but there seemed little excuse for their brusqueness, as they were transporting by ambulance on paved highways to a civilian facility, not flying someone back from the front lines strapped to a chopper skid.
They seemed almost disappointed that they didn't get to do field surgery.
I hope things have improved since then.