Just about any good running-specific shoe store should have several books on training, as well as staff who are probably pretty decent runners.
As for techniques, the store folks could probably point you in the direction of a local running club or you could try your local junior/community college and see if their spring semester has a track & field class. Either way, look for a coach who can help guide you to your goals. Don't be afraid to ask around and see what kind of success the coach has had with other runners in getting them to improve. They don't have to be national-class, but the runner's the coach has had should have gotten their times down while also avoiding injuries.
You could also probably check out some running Web sites, starting with
www.runnersworld.com. I think they've got training tips and stuff there.
Since it sounds like you were a Marine fairly recently, I'm guessing that you're in your 20s and probably weigh at least 180. (Am I close?
) You're probably also fairly strong. But 180+ is actually a lot of weight for a runner. There's a reason why most good distance runners are on the thin side--less weight to carry means less energy needlessly expended. Sprinters, on the other hand, are all about power so they need the muscle.
That said, if I were your coach, I'd recommend taking three months and working up to between 30-40 miles per week, with a long run of 8-12 miles. This would be your base-building phase, and you're likely to be pretty tired, plus your body's going to find aches and pains it hasn't known before. That's why you do these base miles slowly! Let your body adapt to the rigors of running. You're going to drop weight during this time as well.
Once you're fairly comfortable handling 30-40 miles a week for at least a month with no overuse injuries, add a day of speedwork.
If you did 20:51 in boot for three miles, I'd bet you could get down to low 19s now if you put in the miles first. Good luck. Be warned, however, that you might find that running becomes a (positive) addiction!