For an AR?
Check the bolt and barrel extension. The bolt should not have any rounding of it's locking lugs, at all. The extractor should not be chipped or worn down. (To compare, buy a new extractor, and compare the edges/surfaces against a really used one...you will see a difference.) The buffer should not be beat to crap, and the buffer spring should be within spec. On an AR, the lower does not take a horrible beating except around the front and rear takedown pins..they should be checked, and their holes, to make sure they haven't been deformed.
The upper is the part that really takes the wear. The lower is the most expensive part, but it's the part that receives the least wear. External finish is not an indicator of function (I have a seriously worn beat-to-crap lower, that runs just fine.)
YMMV.