Here is the current info on hearing loss and the US Army Cadet Command (ROTC) in reference to accessing into the military as an officer. Accession standards are always higher than retention standards. Meaning, if you aquire the hearing loss while on duty, you can stay but can't come in with the loss depending on severity.
FACT SHEET (Updated Jul 02)
SUBJECT: Hearing Standards
1. Hearing problems are common among ROTC applicants and are usually the result of past exposure to loud noise. Individuals with significant hearing loss are advised to avoid loud noises, i.e. use of weapons, loud music, shop tools etc. These limitations may have an adverse impact on their availability for certain military duty assignments. Thus, identification of ROTC applicants with such future limitations is a priority. All hearing deteriorates with age, however, a military career with its frequent exposure to loud sounds will only aggravate this process. Therefore, the medical hearing standards were developed to exclude those individuals whose baseline hearing is already significantly impaired. This fact sheet covers the following hearing issues:
a. Hearing test interpretation
b. Hearing waiver limits
c. Hearing aids
d. Coclear implants
2. Hearing Test Interpretation
a. Hearing tests are very technical and difficult to understand. Hearing measurements are documented in block # 16 on DD Form 2351 (DoDMERB physical). The hearing range that is tested vary from between 500 to 6000 cycles/ second. Normal hearing is < 30 decibels (dB) for each measurement. Most cadets average between 0-10 db. An average hearing measurement > 30 dB in the 500, 1000, and 2000 cycles/second range is disqualifying as is any single measurement > 35 dB. At higher hearing frequencies, a hearing measurement of > 45 dB at 3000 cycles/second or > 55 dB at 4000cycles/second in either ear is disqualifying per AR 40-501.
b. The hearing test data is normally recorded in a table format, for example:
Hz: 500 1000 2000 3000 4000 6000
dB 30 30 30 45 55 45
c. The hearing range from 500-2000 cycles/second is often referred to as the speech range. That is the hearing range important for communication with other individuals. The ability to discriminate among the various speech sounds is critical to success as an officer. Hearing loss tends to occurs first at the higher hearing frequencies (3000 to 6000 cycles/second) that are clinically less important and most hearing DQs by DoDMERB are in this area.
3. Hearing Waiver Limits
a. It is difficult to provide criteria as to which ROTC applicants are likely to receive a medical waiver for a hearing DQ because each ROTC applicant must be considered on a case by case basis. Some general guidelines can be provided.
(1) Abnormal hearing measurements at the higher frequencies (3000 to 6000 cyles/second) are more likely to be waived. Generally if the hearing test exceeds the maximal normal limit by no more than 5-10 dB a waiver will be approved. Maximal normal values are listed in paragraph 2a.
(2) Abnormal hearing that exceeds the limit by 5-10 dB in only one ear rather than in both ears is more likely to be waived since the good ear can compensate to some extent.
4. Hearing Aids
a. A ROTC applicant with a hearing aid cannot be waived. The use
of a hearing aid indicates severe hearing loss. In Mar 02 written input was received form all the services’ hearing experts for a DoD Working Group reviewing all military medical accession standards that was attended by the Cadet Command Surgeon.
(1) The USA input noted that “There are substantial empirically
supported reasons why individuals with such degree of hearing loss are not accessed into the military; e.g. inability to communicate and perform mission in complex listening situations, jeopardy of personal safety and safety of others, existing hearing loss is more susceptible to further decrease with hazardous noise exposure, and increased likelihood of compensation upon separation from service for an EPTS condition.”
(2) The USAF consultant noted that “First, hearing aids do not
correct hearing in the same manner as eyeglasses correct vision. Unlike vision, most hearing losses (95%) requiring hearing aids are sensori-neural etiology usually involving some type of permanent damage to the cochlear outer/inner hair cells. Second, amplification may return certain functionality to the hearing impaired individual but will never restore hearing to normal operational levels. This is due to engineering limitations of the electronic amplifiers currently used and inherent organic limitations of the middle and inner ear structures. Even with optimal fittings, most individuals wearing amplification will experience significant difficulties communicating in the presence of competing background noise. Noise is a reality of the military environment, even military members with normal hearing experience difficulties communicating. Furthermore, IAW with well established Labor Law any work condition that could make worse a pre-existing medical condition will make the whole condition compensable.”
(3) The USN consultant input noted that “Besides the difficulty of
maintaining hearing aids in the operational Navy, it is unlikely that branch medical clinics or MTFs have the capability to service hearing aids. If a service member were to lose their hearing aid in an emergency situation it might place them and their shipmates in danger and effect the success of the operation mission.”
b. Hearing aids are only authorized for active duty soldiers under AR 40-
501, para 3-10 with service connected hearing loss if a soldier is capable of effective duty performance and can be returned to duty with appropriate assignment limitations. Otherwise, soldiers with a hearing aid are referred to a medical board for separation.
5. Cochlear Implants
a. Recent advances in technology for the hearing impaired have included
surgery involving cochlear implants. Use of cochlear implants is not waiverable.
b. The USAF hearing consultant noted that “No individual wearing cochlear implants should be allowed to enter active duty service. Cochlear implants are a last resort device for individuals with severe to profound sensori-neural hearing losses. These individuals are beyond help with conventional amplification (hearing aids).” The Army hearing consultant concurred with the USAF opinion.