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tm9-1005-319-23 says you don't remove the ejector to check headspace.
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Yes, when using an Army FIELD gage removal of the ejector is not required. The base of the Army gage is relieved to clear the extractor and ejector. This eliminates their added resistance when checking HS. The Army FIELD gage is a "least common denominator" gage. It's designed so any chimp can use it and have only a tiny chance of screwing up.
The military requires only FIELD gage checks bc the GO and NOGO dimesions were checked at the factory/depot.
Most GO and NOGO gages have extractor grooves and require the removal of the ext and eje prior to gaging. An experienced assembler does not need to remove the eje and ext (though doing so is "proper") to use the GO and NOGO bc he has learned how hard to close the bolt and what constitutes undue force. It is recommended that inexperienced assemblers remove the ext and eje prior to HSing. It is also recommeded that if the eje and ext are left installed that they be checked for full range of motion and their resistance checked for future reference. Sucks to ream a chamber deeper only to find out that the ejector doesn't fully telescope beneath the bolt face or that the extractor can't move fully out of the way of the incoming gage.
Fultom Armory and Brownells both sell a "bolt vise" that compresses the ejector and restrains it after the roll pin is removed. A highly recommended AR specific tool. Most times the roll pin can simply be driven out and the drift pin will catch the ejector.
Reassembly is where extra manipulation is required. Best trick I've seen (short of the bolt vise) is to start the roll pin into the bolt, then add the spring and ejector retained by a slave pin, then clip a spent case into the extractor and rock it against the ejector while driving in the roll pin.
To repeat, the military stresses use of the FIELD gage bc the GO dimension (most importantly) has already been checked. Barring parts swapping, or other non standard activity, HS does not get shorter, only longer hence the military checks to make sure that HS hasn't become "too (FIELD)long."
New builds must be checked with a GO gage and a FIELD gage at a minimum.
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