I agree that 9mm has improved over the years and is now a very good handgun defensive round, but what about compared to the .40 when it comes to vehicle penetration?
That's the argument that seems to make the most sense from some who advocate staying with the .40. Since a decent percentage of our officer involved shootings at my agency have involved shooting into vehicles (although we don't have that many OIS's overall) it seems like a legitimate point that the .40 has more retained weight/velocity, and therefore better penetration, after having to go through safety glass, laminated windshields or side windows, and vehicle body panels. There's also the argument made that the .40 deflects or deviates less when going through an angled windshield, thereby making it more likely to impact where it's intended. I don't think anybody is claiming the .40 will punch through engine blocks or anything goofy like that, just that it will be more effective than a 9mm when it impacts the suspect after having to first go through those light barriers.
So, for patrol officers who may be as likely to get into a shooting involving a vehicle as they are inside a residence or some other scenario, what say you? If most of the officers are capable with the .40 and maybe only marginally slower on follow-up shots, should an agency stay with it primarily and only use 9mm as an alternative for those who aren't comfortable with managing the recoil in order to provide an enhanced capability around vehicles? Or is the more manageable recoil, slightly higher capacity, and quicker time back on target for additional shots more important? If it were up to you individually what would you choose given those parameters?