There are several things at play, here...
1)coatings matter, as do surface finishes. The smoothness of the anodizing as well as the threads on the screws influence clamping vs rotational force. Blued screws vs stainless matter. It all matters.
2) design matters. The area under the screw head is the source of a lot of rotational drag, influencing clamping force.
3)threads should be lubricated for even clamping loads. Period. Full stop. What you lubricate them with matters. SPUHR uses a wax type compound. It has a very low k factor. Loctite is slightly higher, similar to light machine oil. Some lubricants have a very high k factor, and can really ratchet up clamping force without changing torque required.
4) in the real world, I have seen loctite vs dry screws cause more tube compression. Measured. With feeler gauges. Its "real".
5) is loctite necessary? Loctite is typically used on solid joints. For example, a scope base mounted to a receiver of an m24. The only thing that maintains tension is bolt stretch. This means that any vibration can affect this joint by causing tension fluctuation of the stretched bolt. The action can result in the bolt backing out, as its tension is constantly increased/decreased, allowing it to "walk". With a scope, the screws do not stretch appreciably. The tube compresses and acts as a mechanism supplying tension. Under vibration, the tube can walk (scope slide in rings), ergo, we match ring and scope surface, area, and compression to overcome this in our various applications. However, the scope does not randomly change size, so it cannot "walk" as a stretched screw under vibration, so long as we overcome its propensity to walk under recoil by achieving enough psi at the ring/tube juncture.
What do I do? I personally like loctite. I pick robust scope manufacturers and mounts with torque specs below what the optic company suggests. I also know that most military oriented optics have some leeway in the design. You will not crush a nightforce using 2.7 in-lb more torque than the good manual calls for. To whit, I use nightforce optics and Badger c1 mounts. The optic calls for 25, the mount 20. I then use loctite 243 on this joint and end up somewhere in the neighborhood, and my stuff wont be moving. Also, yes, mount manufacturers also build in allowances. Also, yes, multiple companies test optics and mounts well outside of published norms to assess function when installed...less than optimally.
This said, vortex is sensitive to torque specs. I would indeed follow their guidance. It is the scope tube which compresses, and acts as the tension supplier in this "joint". Scope material, design, and wall thickness are the pertinent factors. The scope manufacturer is in the best place to advise you, on this juncture, for that reason. ARC and similar rings are another topic all together.