For comparison
300-221
Length case 1.390"
capacity case 24.95 gr water
max pressure (QL) 50700 psi
7.62 x 39
Length case 1.523
capacity case 35.6 gr water
max pressure (QL) 51400 psi
30 HRT
Length case 1.605
capacity case gr water 35.0
max pressure (QL) psi 55000
In a 16" barrel, loaded to 50000 psi, the following predicted results
125 gr Sierra SP, seated 0.25 deep
300-221 estimated 2200-2250 fps - this leaves room in the mag, and offers reasonable neck tension
7.62 x 39 estimated 2400-2450 fps - this is slightly deeper than "factory" loaded
.30 HRT estimated 2450-2550 fps - this is far deeper than the mag requires
168 gr SMK, seated to max COL mag allows, 50000 psi
300-221 estimated 1850-1900 at 2.255 COL
7.62 x 39 estimated 2050-2100 at 2.255 COL
.30 HRT estimated 2050-2100 at 2.280 COL
240 gr SMK, seated to max COL mag allows, 50000 psi
300-221 estimated 1300-1400 at 2.255 COL
7.62 x 39 estimated 1600-1650 at 2.255 COL
.30 HRT estimated 1600-1650 at 2.280 COL
Until recently (before CP) there were no really reliable mags that were readily available for the 7.62 x 39. Also, there have been reports of bolt failures for the 7.62 x 39. The CP mags should fix the mag issue and there are new generation 7.62 x 39 bolts available that should address the bolt issue. With Wolf and others making 7.62 x 39 ammo, it is economical, provided you can find it (people have reported short supplies)
The .30 HRT is essentially the same as the 7.62 x 39 but offer the ability to use .308 bullets (the 7.62 x 39 is really a .311) and match grade .308 barrels. Ballistically they are matched and folks have compared them to the .30-30 which seems reasonable. It uses the 6.8 bolt, brass and mags, which can present a supply or cost issue in some case. CP now also makes 6.8 mags (they are the same body as the 7.62 mags) and starting load data for the .30 HRT can be found in loading manuals. Dies are standard .30 Herrett dies.
We developed the .30 HRT to address the aforementioned issues with the 7.62 x 39 (mags and bolt failures) as well as some of the issues with the .300-221 (more power as well as no need for proprietary gas systems to run subsonic loads, the larger case capacity offers more flexibility)
Is it a "new, improved and much better" cartridge. Nope. Nothing more than those that already exist. It just seeks to fix a few minor issues.
Hope that helps?