Quoted: Regarding sighting in the M1A, how does one sight in at 50 yards for a 100 yard zero? My eyes are too tweaked to sight in irons at 100 yards. Is there a specific procedure for this or should it just shoot N inches high at 50?
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Basically, yes. Theoretically, one can sight in at any given distance for another given distance. Here's the procedure:
You need to know certain info, to wit: bullet weight, muzzle velocity, and the distances to actual target and intended target. There are other factors, but these are the most important.
You then consult an external ballistics table or program. Your particular bullet will usually be in a table along with your MV. In the table will be yardage figures and points of inpact, either high, on, or low with respect to point of aim. Find your intended distance where the poi and poa coincide, and backtrack along the chart to your actual sighting distance. the chart will give you a numeric figure hi, on, or lo. Of course, you should verify this at your desired range. Do a google search for ballistics programs, there are some useful ones that can be downloaded. Hope this helps.