The Swiss Papal Guard was established in 1506 by Pope Julian II.
It comprises just 110 men and is the smallest and oldest army in the world. Its existence is rarely called into question.
The pope's soldiers, in their Renaissance-style uniforms, are generally considered to be a symbol of the Vatican, as well as being part of Swiss tradition.Source
article And another article that mentions the K-31VISITING DIGNITARIES
POPE PROTECTOR
by Ben McGrath
Issue of 2006-04-10
Posted 2006-04-03
The chief of the world’s oldest and smallest army, Comandante Elmar Theodor Maeder, arrived last week for a reception at the Union League Club, without the royal-blue-and-marigold-yellow striped knickers suit for which his regiment, the Papal Swiss Guard, is best known. (His hosts had asked him to wear the outfit, but he chose to leave it in Rome.) He wore a jacket and tie, with no hat or plumed helmet. A pin bearing the American and Vatican flags was affixed to his lapel. Maeder is a tall man with a sturdy chin and the countenance of a hockey player. When he says, with a sly grin, that his charges—halberdiers—are “not all choirboys,” it is easy to imagine forceful interrogations being conducted behind closed doors in the basement of St. Peter’s Basilica. (What he really means is that they have eyes for the Italian girls.)
Among those who had gathered to welcome Comandante Maeder, and to celebrate the Guard’s five-hundredth year of active military service, was Cardinal Edward Egan, the Archbishop of New York. Egan couldn’t stay long, but he fondly recalled attending the weddings of many Swiss guardsmen when he lived in Rome. “I don’t think it’s really seen as a defense force,” he said of the Guard.
That depends on whom you ask. Maeder and Robert Royal, according to the party’s invitation, were to speak about “the transformation of an ancient army into an élite special-forces unit highly trained to provide security to the Pope in a post-September 11 world.” Royal is the author of a new book, “The Pope’s Army: 500 Years of the Papal Swiss Guard.” He stood and addressed the crowd, noting that during the sack of Rome, in 1527, nearly a hundred and fifty guardsmen gave their lives to protect Pope Clement VII. “That explains to us that, from the very beginning, this is a military belonging to the Vatican,” he said.
Today, the force is a hundred and ten men strong. All recruits must stand at least five feet eight inches tall, be Swiss citizens, and, according to Royal, possess a rigor of spirit known as “the Swiss mentality.” They live in barracks, like regular troops, and attend basic training, in addition to taking karate and judo lessons. (The Swiss mantra: Defense first!) Unlike regular troops, they must also be practicing Catholics, and they are required to study Italian. They are rumored to have developed a psychological technique that is effective in quelling itches. (They are often obliged to stand still for long periods.) The question they are most frequently asked is “How do you get to the Sistine Chapel?”
Only the most experienced among the guards travel abroad with His Holiness (in plain clothes), and in those cases the responsibility for protection, strictly speaking, belongs to the host country. “We know when to say, ‘Now he’s tired, move him along,’ and whether or not he likes to do the handshakes,” Maeder said.
Maeder made some brief remarks (“I read some years ago in a magazine that the Swiss Guard brought the potato from Italy to Switzerland . . . ”) and, afterward, answered questions. A couple of military buffs, Dan and Ed, approached him. “
What rifle do you use now?” Dan asked.
“A SIG,” Maeder said.
Dan and Ed were aficionados of the Schmidt-Rubin K31, a “straight-pull” rifle that the Swiss Army stopped using in 1958. “It’s a marvellous arm,” Ed said.
“It’s an example of a truly defensive arm,” Dan said. “It’s high-quality, and can hit things from far away: typical of Switzerland.”Maeder said that his guards, though equipped with guns, rarely lift them. “The oldest Swiss Guard that I know cannot tell me any stories about Swiss Guards needing to use their rifles in service,” he said. “We are all equipped with pepper spray. But in my eight years serving, only once did I hear that a guard had to use his pepper spray.”
Faith Whittlesey, the Ambassador to Switzerland under Ronald Reagan, is a longtime champion of the Swiss Guard. “The Swiss are still the best marksmen in the world,” she said. “Did you know that the No. 1 sport in Switzerland is not skiing, it’s shooting? Pop, pop, pop! Our Second Amendment comes from the Swiss. And it’s not to go hunting but to fight tyrants, as a militia.”
A woman approached Maeder and asked if he had the authority to make battlefield commands without reporting first to a superior in Bern. “We are autonomous,” Maeder said. “Our commander-in-chief is the Pope.”