I don't think anyone can predict how dominant any one cartridge can get but I think we can take a educated guess at who is going to go up or down.
Going up, 10mm Auto and 9mm Parabellum.
Going down, .40 S&W and .45 ACP.
10mm Auto fits better into high caps than a .45ACP as well as being more powerful than standard velocity .45 ammo. .40S&W will take it from both ends. 10mm Auto guns can hold just as many rounds, and can be downloaded, and doesn't have the sensitivity to pressure fluxuations that is probably behind the various .40cal Kaboom stories. 9mm guns will also squeeze them because they hold even more rounds, bullet performance has improved, and again a wider range of pressures can be fired safely. And with 20+ round magazines available again, people will generally be less sensitive to cartridge power issues, and just count on shooting a badguy 3 or 4 times each instead of 1 or 2.
Since there are more bad shots than good ones out there, .45 ACP will loose popularity at least in full size guns. People will want the high capacity, 10mm gives it without a loss of power. As milsurplus .45 ammo stocks dry up the price difference between 10mm and .45 ammo will disappear. Compact .45 handguns, Officers models and such, will probably remain strong because 10mm cant really use a barrel that short and the magazine capacity of 9mms is reduced too much.
People will try to make .40 S&W guns in a family like Glock has done and try to sell them as guns that can handle any task and you only need one kind of ammo and one set of magazines. Instead they will find that it does none of the jobs well enough. LE Organizations accountants will be attracted to this more than the public-but even there it will face pressure from the cost advantage of all that M882 ammo, and remanufactured ammo loaded on LC M882 brass.