So, I got it fixed, finally.
As I half-expected, the floating chamber was quite literally soldered into the barrel by lead accumulation. I stuck the barrel in a vise with a piece of leather wrapped around it, so that it wouldn't melt the padding on the vise jaws. With careful application of a blowtorch and use of a brass punch & brass hammer, I got the chamber free.
A combination of 1500 grit sandpaper, a small screwdriver, and elbow grease cleaned up lead stuck to the floating chamber piece. Inside the barrel piece, there was a ring of lead where the cartridge gases would normally vent, just ahead of the chamber. After I had scraped away some of the lead, the rest fell out in one piece.
Both barrel & floating chamber now have a nice case-hardened look to them, due to application of fire. I don't think they are any worse for wear.
Obviously, I need to check this thing more often, perhaps every trip to the range.