Text scan from Soviet Manual enjoy a day in the life.

INSPECTION OF THE RIFLE AND PREPARATION FOR FIRING
General instructions
60. Inspections of the rifle, accessories, and magazines are conducted to ensure their serviceability, cleanliness, lubrication, and readiness for firing.
61. Soldiers and sergeants inspect rifles:
— daily;
— before standing guard, before departure on exercises; in a combat situation—periodically during the day and before carrying out combat missions;
— during cleaning.
62. Officers inspect rifles periodically at intervals established by Internal Service Regulations, and also all rifles, or a portion of them, before firing, standing guard, and before carrying out a combat mission.
63. Deficiencies of the rifle, magazines, and accessories should be corrected immediately. If the unit is unable to correct them, the rifle, magazines, and accessories should be turned in to a weapons repair facility.
64. Typical deficiencies that disrupt the normal accuracy of the rifle may include the following:
— The front sight is bent or broken, or has been displaced to the side, upward, or downward. The bullets will deviate toward the side opposite the displacement of the top of the sight.
— The rear sight leaf is bent or distorted. The bullets will deviate toward the side of displacement of the rear sight aperture.
— The barrel is bent. The bullets will deviate toward the direction of deflection of the muzzle portion of the barrel.
— The muzzle face is nicked or dented, the barrel bore shows wear (especially at the muzzle), wear and rounding of the corners of the lands, or blisters; looseness at the rear sight leaf, front sight, or stock—all these increase the dispersion of bullets.
Procedure for inspection of the rifle by soldiers and sergeants
65. During the daily inspection confirm the presence of the rifle’s parts and check for any corrosion, dirt, and also dents, scratches, pitting, and any other damage on the external metal parts of the rifle that could disrupt normal functioning of the mechanisms. Check for cracks, splinters, or breakage on the wooden parts. The cleaning rod is securely held. In addition, check the condition of the lubricant on those components of the rifle that are visible without disassembly, the presence of the sling, accessories, magazines, their pouch, and the bayonet-knife. When checking the rifle with folding stock, ensure that its carrying bag is present.


66. During inspection of the rifle before standing guard, before departure to exercises, and in a
combat situation check the same items as during the daily inspection. In addition, ensure the service ability of the front and rear sights. Confirm that there are no foreign objects in the barrel bore; verify the proper functioning of the components and mechanisms.
When checking the serviceability of the front and rear sights ensure that the rear sight aperture is not pitted, the slider moves smoothly along the sight leaf and is securely held at the set position by its catch, and the spring is reliably holding the sight leaf. Ensure that the front sight is not bent and is firmly held in the slider, the scribe mark on the slider coincides with the scribe mark on the front sight base, and the slider is securely held in the front sight base.
To inspect the proper functioning of the components and mechanisms:
— place the selector on automatic fire (AB), draw the bolt carrier rearward to stop with the charging handle, and release it. The bolt carrier should energetically return to the forward position. Draw the bolt carrier back again with the handle, squeeze the trigger and, controlling the bolt carrier by the handle, slowly release it. During the approach of the bolt carrier to the extreme forward position one should hear a click—the strike of the hammer on the firing pin.
— place the selector on semi-automatic fire (021), squeeze the trigger, draw the bolt carrier rear ward to stop by the handle and, not releasing the trigger, release the bolt carrier. Now squeeze the trigger. You should hear a click—the hammer, disengaging from the semi-automatic fire sear, is on the sear notch. Now place the rifle on safe and squeeze the trigger. The trigger should not move backward, and the hammer should remain on the sear notch [ Take the rifle off safe and squeeze the trigger. You should hear the hammer striking the firing pin.
When moving the selector, ensure that it is reliably held in the set position.
With the rifle with folding stock, ensure that the stock detent functions energetically and that the stock remains in the deployed or folded position. Check the serviceability and attachment of the shoulder rest.
67. During inspection of the rifle at the time of cleaning, check each component and mechanism separately and ensure that there is no deterioration of the metal, pitting, dents, corrosion, and dirt on the metal parts, and no gouges or cracks in the wooden parts. Pay special attention to the condition of the barrel bore.
68. During inspection of the accessories ensure the presence and serviceability of all the accessory tools.
To check the cleaning rod, jag, and brush, screw the jag and brush onto the cleaning rod in turn and verify by eye that they are not bent. The jag and brush should be secure on the cleaning rod. The upper portion of the jag should rotate freely. The brush should be clean and its bristles should not be falling out.
The combination tool should not be cracked, dented, or distorted. The head of the cleaning rod should not pass through the smaller lateral holes of the combination tool. The combination tool cover should be securely held on the barrel and not have significant lateral play, so that the cleaning rod does not touch the muzzle portion of the barrel during cleaning. The jag should not pass through the opening in the combination tool cover.
The oiler should not have cracks or large dents. The oiler cap should have a gasket and the cap should screw on tightly. No lubricant should leak from the oiler.
The screwdriver should not have excessive wear and dents on the blade and on the walls of the notches. The drift and tapered pin should not be bent.
69. Soldiers and sergeants are required to report immediately to their commander all deficiencies detected during inspection of the rifle and accessories.

Now for the OFFICERS inspection.

Procedure for inspection of the rifle by officers
70. Officers inspect the rifle in assembled and disassembled form.
71. Inspection of the rifle in assembled form is conducted in accordance with paragraphs 65 and 66. In addition, check:
1) Delivery of the cartridges into the chamber, extraction, and ejection of cases: Load a magazine with training cartridges, insert it into the rifle and, not pressing on the magazine latch, try to pull the magazine out by hand. The magazine should freely enter the receiver well and be reliably held by the magazine latch. Charge the rifle several times. The training cartridges should be delivered from the magazine into the chamber and be energetically extracted and ejected from the receiver.
2) Serviceability of the stock: The butt plate screws should be tight, the screw slots cleaned. With finger pressure on the stock well cover, the combination tool should pop out under the impulse of the spring far enough so that it can be grasped by hand. Check the folding stock as indicated in paragraph 66. In addition, ensure the arms are not bent and the stock deploys and folds smoothly.
3) Serviceability of the magazines: The magazine should not have creases and wire edges on the bodies and lips that could inhibit the delivery of cartridges. The stop leaf should reliably hold the magazine floor plate. The follower should energetically return to the topmost position under the impulse of its spring.
4) Serviceability of the bayonet- knife: The bayonet-knife should be firmly held on the rifle, be freely removed from it, and be firmly held in the scabbard. The blade edge should not be dented, nor should the scabbard have dents. The handle should not be cracked or broken. The insulating portion of the scabbard and of the bayonet-knife should not be damaged.
72. To inspect the rifle in disassembled form, accomplish a partial or complete disassembly and wipe each component dry.
During inspection of the rifle in disassembled form, check the number on its components (paragraph 5). Carefully inspect each component and mechanism to ensure that there is no deterioration, damaged threads, scratches and pits, dents, eruptions, or traces of corrosion and dirt on the metal parts, and cracks and breakage on the wooden parts.
1) During inspection of the barrel pay special attention to the condition of the barrel bore. The bore should be inspected from the muzzle end. Place a piece of white paper in the receiver, hold the barrel in a position that will permit light to reflect from the paper and illuminate the barrel bore. Inspect the chamber from the breech end.
The following deficiencies may be observed in the barrel bore:
— A pattern of erosion in the form of intersecting thin lines, from the breech portion as a rule. In the past, cracks have formed during firing in sites of erosion patterns, and the chrome begins to disappear in the form of separate spots; later the spotting increases and transitions into flakes of chrome. When insufficient care is shown in cleaning, the spots where the chrome has flaked off become corroded.
— Blisters - significant hollowing in the metal that forms as a result of a large number of rounds fired from the barrel (erosion of the barrel) or as a result of prolonged influence of corrosion in places where the chrome is flaked. A barrel in which the chrome is flaked or blisters have formed must be cleaned especially carefully after firing.
— Wear of the lands or rounding of the corners of the lands, especially on their left edge, that is noticeable to the eye.
— A barrel bulge, noticeable in the barrel bore in the form of a transverse dark (shady) dense ring (semi-circle) or detectable by a bulge of the metal on the exterior surface of the barrel. An officer determines the possibility of firing from a barrel that has a bulge. A rifle that has a small circular bulge of the barrel bore with no bulge of metal on the exterior surface is suit able for further firing if it satisfies the conditions of a normal zero.
Detected deficiencies of the barrel bore should be noted in the log book of qualitative condition of the rifle.
During inspection of the barrel’s exterior ensure that the face of the gas chamber cylinder is not dented, and ensure the action of the detent. Finger pressure on the detent should cause it to recess, and after release it should come out of its well and assume its initial position, engaging the notch on the compensator or barrel sleeve. When the detent is depressed, the compensator or barrel sleeve should be easily unscrewed from the barrel.
2) During inspection of the receiver ensure that the ejector lug is not broken, the flanges [ rails] are not bent or dented; the stock and pistol grip are securely attached; and the magazine latch spring functions properly.
3) During inspection of the bolt carrier pay special attention to the attachment of the gas piston. A slight wiggle is permissible.
4) During inspection of the bolt pay special attention to the serviceability of the firing pin and extractor.
To check the serviceability of the firing pin, hold the bolt in the vertical position. After this, rotate the bolt 180°—the firing pin should move within the bolt of its own weight. Move the firing pin forward to stop—the striker should emerge from the hole at the bolt face. The striker should not be chipped or heavily eroded.
To check the serviceability of the extractor, draw it to the side with a finger and release it. The extractor should energetically return to its initial position under the impulse of its spring. Insert a training cartridge on the bolt face and attempt to pull the training cartridge forward. The cartridge should be held firmly to the bolt face by the extractor claw. The extractor claw should not show any deterioration.
5) During inspection of the components of the recoil and firing mechanism ensure that the springs are not broken or bent, and that the lugs of the moving parts are not cracked or broken.

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