To expand on the answer given, this octal numbering system was needed for the "SCAMP" (Small Caliber Ammunition Modernization Program) high-speed (1200 cases per minute) production machinery. There are 24 stations on each turret where cases are made, so 24 different "headstamps" are needed. There are 5 positions on the case headstamp where the "dots" can be found. Each dot is assigned a value. From the approx. two o'clock position and going clockwise, the dot values are 4, 8, 16, 1 and 2. There are 32 possible number combinations with this system, but only 24 are used. This machinery is used at the Lake City plant, which began using the SCAMP machinery in 1977 and also by the Israelis, Taiwan, Italy, Australia and Pakistan. The first year the Israelis used the SCAMP machines was in 1980 and they used numbers (1-24) in the headstamp to indicate station location instead of the octal system. They also loaded .45 ACP on SCAMP. They apparently used the octal system only after 1980.
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