I've shot M1 carbines and like them well enough, but I *own* a 9mm AR. My reasons were simple and worked for me; yours may vary. Bottom line is, to each their own!
1) I own other .223 AR's, and many parts are common to them and the 9mm carbine. Less for me to have on hand.
2) Ergonomics, sights and manual of arms are similar to my .223 rifles, simplifying training.
3) I own 9mm pistols and reload that caliber. .30 carbine would mean yet another caliber to buy or load for.
4) The indoor range where I shoot does not allow .30 carbine or any rifle round.
5) Blast and flash of the 9mm is less than .30 carbine; important if the gun is used as an indoor defensive weapon.
6) Ammo selection in 9mm is MUCH wider than .30 carbine, especially in defensive-type (hollowpoint) loads. Cheaper too!
7) Lots more widgets and gizmos available for AR-type rifles than for M1 carbines (grips, sights, stocks, slings, accessory mounts, etc).
8) AR is a modular system. In a pinch, I can pull off my 9mm upper, drive out the pins holding the mag block in place, throw on any of my other uppers and be shooting .223.
Just as a reference point, 556fiend, your M1 Carbine prices are on the low side by quite a bit! The IAI reproductions (good guns, BTW, and USGI-compatible) run about $450 new, while a genuine WWII carbine in good shape will set you back $550-plus. Any carbine you can find for $300 will probably be a Universal, which are for the most part garbage.