This thread covers the difference between castings, forgings, and extrusions.
[url]www.ar15.com/forums/topic.html?b=3&f=118&t=164318[/url]
An extrusion is when material is forced through a die under pressure. Think about that Play-Doh factory you had as a kid that you can squeeze out Play-Doh in different shapes, or a pasta-maker.
[img]store4.yimg.com/I/creativetoy_1770_14925788[/img]
In an extrusion, the center tends to be dense, but the outer edges often have voids, as there was less pressure there.
[img]www.nwaluminum.com/Puck2.jpg[/img]
A forging will be consistant all the way through, because a huge hammer pounded on the metal until the grain structure was very evenly compacted.
[img]www.nwaluminum.com/Puck1.jpg[/img]
As you can imagine, the tighter the grain structure, the stronger the metal is and the less likely it is to crack and break.
A forged part generally requires a lot more machining time, making it more expensive to produce, but will also give you a superior product.
Castings and extrusions are used when the cost of an item is more important and the strength requirements are lower.
-Troy