As far as I understand it (based on conversations with plant managers at various machine shops)
For BM the 'L' is for LMT and some have the 'C' or 'CM' (i forget which?) -for CMT.
Look at RRA - most/all(?) have the CM
I am sure this "code" in not the case for every AR manufacturer, but to my knowlege in this case it should be accurate.
I don't think I can ever prove it; unless I took a job with the BATF and did a audit of the log books
As far the the lower receivers looking different; that is more specific to the AR companies' specs and not to the machine shop doing the work. The shop will machine it to the specs desired by the AR company.
When you order a batch of lowers from the machine shops, you can spec the details like shelf height, weep holes, rear takedown reinforcements, etc. Different spec = different costs
The shop just plugs in a different CAD program into the CNC.
BTW -
Thanks Troy for the info!