From page 6 of the National Firearms Act handbook.
http://www.atf.gov/firearms/nfa/nfa_handbook/index.htm
CHAPTER 2. WHAT ARE “FIREARMS” UNDER THE NFA?
Section 2.1 Types of NFA firearms
2.1.3 Rifle. A rifle is a firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder and designed to use the energy of
an explosive in a fixed cartridge to fire only a single projectile through a rifled barrel for each single pull
of the trigger.11 A rifle subject to the NFA has a barrel or barrels of less than 16 inches in length.
The length of the majority of rifle barrels is measured from the muzzle of the barrel to the face of the
closed breech on a line parallel to the axis of the bore. In the case of a rifle having a chamber(s) not an
integral part of the barrel, such as a revolving rifle, the barrel length is measured from the muzzle to the
front of the separate cylinder and does not include the chamber. NOTE: Any muzzle attachment such as
a flash suppressor, compensator, muzzle break, etc., is not included in the barrel length measurement
unless the attachment is permanently affixed to the barrel. Acceptable methods for permanently
attaching a device to a rifle barrel are deep penetrating, full fusion, gas or electric steel seam welds of
high temperature silver solder. Depending on the dimensions of a particular barrel it may also be
possible to permanently affix a muzzle attachment by drilling a blind hole through the attachment and
into the barrel wall. A steel pin that is flush with or below the outside diameter of the attachment is then
inserted and the hole welded closed.