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WASHINGTON (Reuters) –
Nearly 45,000 people die in the United States each year –– one every 12 minutes –– in large part because they lack health insurance and can not get good care, Harvard Medical School researchers found in an analysis released on Thursday.
"We're losing more Americans every day because of inaction ... than drunk driving and homicide combined," Dr. David Himmelstein, a co-author of the study and an associate professor of medicine at Harvard, said in an interview with Reuters.
Overall, researchers said American adults age 64 and younger who lack
health insurance have a 40 percent higher risk of death than those who
have coverage.
The findings come amid a fierce debate over Democrats' efforts to
reform the nation's $2.5 trillion U.S. healthcare industry by expanding
coverage and reducing healthcare costs.
President Barack Obama's has made the overhaul a top domestic policy priority,
but his plan has been besieged by critics and slowed by intense
political battles in Congress, with the insurance and healthcare
industries fighting some parts of the plan.
The Harvard study, funded by a federal research grant, was published in the online edition of the American Journal of Public Health. It was released by Physicians for a National Health Program, which favors government-backed or "single-payer" health insurance.
An similar study in 1993 found those without insurance had a 25 percent greater risk of death, according to the Harvard group. The Institute of Medicine later used that data in its 2002 estimate showing about 18,000 people a year died because they lacked coverage.
Part of the increased risk now is due to the growing ranks of the
uninsured, Himmelstein said. Roughly 46.3 million people in the United
States lacked coverage in 2008, the U.S. Census Bureau reported last week, up from 45.7 million in 2007.
Another factor is that there are fewer places for the uninsured to get good care. Public hospitals and clinics are shuttering or scaling back across the country in cities like New Orleans, Detroit and others, he said.
Study co-author Dr. Steffie Woolhandler said the findings show that
without proper care, uninsured people are more likely to die from
complications associated with preventable diseases such as diabetes and heart disease.
Some critics called the study flawed.
The National Center for Policy Analysis,
a Washington think tank that backs a free-market approach to health
care, said researchers overstated the death risk and did not track how
long subjects were uninsured.
Woolhandler said that while Physicians for a National Health Program
supports government-backed coverage, the Harvard study's six
researchers closely followed the methodology used in the 1993 study
conducted by researchers in the federal government as well as the University of Rochester in New York.
The Harvard researchers analyzed data on about 9,000 patients tracked by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics
through the year 2000. They excluded older Americans because those aged
65 or older are covered by the U.S. Medicare insurance program.
"For any doctor ... it's completely a no-brainer that people who can't
get health care are going to die more from the kinds of things that
health care is supposed to prevent," said Woolhandler, a professor of
medicine at Harvard and a primary care physician in Cambridge, Massachusetts.