First there are some questions you have to ask yourself.
What is the average distance of my shots?
What type of game will I be hunting?
Do I want a "pretty" rifle or a "durable" rifle?
How much do I want to spend?
How far will I have to carry this rifle?
First off, you have to know how far you're going to be shooting to know what caliber is best. If most of your shots are within 100yds, then most anything will do. If you're going out past 300yds., I would carry nothing less than a 7mm mag. Sure a .308 and the like will reach that distance easily but you have lost a good bid of your velocity at that range which greatly affects knockdown power.
If you primarily hunt whitetails and the shots are under 300yds., take your pick. However, if you want a rifle that you can hunt damn near anything with, I'd go with a 30-06. This caliber can be had in many different load sizes for most any game imaginable. Again, you may want something a bit larger. Just in case you get to go on a dream Elk hunt[:)] There's no such thing as overkill when it comes to hunting rifles, well maybe .50BMG. I can take a whitetail at 45yds with my .300 mag and have just as much meat as I would after taking it with a .243. It's all about shot placement.
The rifle itself is all preferance. If you like the look of a fine wood stock and shiny blued barrel, by all means get one. If you want a rifle that will stand up to rain, snow, walking through thick brush, etc. etc., get a stainless action and barrel with synthetic stock.
If you want a moderately priced rifle, get a Remington or Ruger. For higher prices, look at Browning, Tikka, etc. That all depends on how much you wanna spend. Personally I think Remington is the best rifle you can buy.
If you have to walk a few miles to get to your hunting location, you want a lightweight rifle. If you ride a vehicle to within a few hundered yards, it doesn't really matter.
Me, personally, I hunt with a Remington Model 700P in .300win mag. It's a heavy rifle but it's nice to know you've got the ability for long shots. I make two annual trips from here in Mississippi to southwest Texas each year for a whitetail hunt. The rifle comes in handy for out there; you never know how far you'll need to shoot. My backup/bad weather rifle is a Ruger M77 stainless/synthetic in .270. This is a good performing rifle and is very durable. You can forget rust with this rifle.
Ask yourself these questions and decide what's right for you, then go to your local gun store and pick several up and see which you like best. Good luck