[url]http://www.emergency.com/anthrax.htm[/url]
A partial quote from the above weblink:
"RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THERAPY
The standard therapy for inhalation anthrax is intravenous penicillin G by continuous infusion, 50 mg/kg or 80,000 U/kg in the first hour, followed by 200 mg/kg or 320,000 U/kg over the following 24h. No data are available on the value on penicillin IM, but it would likely be less effective and larger doses might be required. Streptomycin, 1-2 g/24h IM has been described to be synergistic in combination with penicillin. An alternative regimen is erythromycin, 4g/24h by continuous infusion. In a biological warfare situation, however, I would recommend that vancomycin be a part of any regimen, in a dose of 500 mg every 6 hours. Intramuscular injection of vancomycin is painful. An inferior but possibly useful substitute for vancomycin would be oxacillin, methicillin, or nafcillin in appropriate dosages (use the PDR). Other drugs to which B. anthracis is generally considered susceptible include the first-generation cephalosporins, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. Adjuvant therapy with hydrocortisone, 100-200 mg/day may be helpful in the case of malignant chest-wall and neck edema. As soon as in vitro susceptibility data are available, therapy should be adjusted to include effective drugs, and drugs to which the isolate is resistant should be eliminated.
In animal models, therapy for less than 2 weeks was ineffective due to persistence of infective spores in the lungs -- no data are available in humans. If antibiotics are present in limited quantities, the least ill patients should be treated first, as patients in the second phase of the illness have a poor prognosis even with effective therapy. I do not agree with the recommendation of Col. Wiener (see below) of creating test groups to be treated each with only one drug to see which works. Unless communications and support services degenerate to a point of complete chaos, in vitro susceptibility testing will provide equivalent data more rapidly. It is, however, appropriate to treat as many people as possible with whatever antibiotics if limited quantities are available."