While age and oil affect the color, so does the original formulation of the park solution.
There used to be an outfit in the Arlington, TX (greater Dallas) area, Lone Star Ordnance. I have been told they are trying to reopen. Anyway, years ago I purchased a lot of small AR and other parts from them.
They specialized in refinishing M1 Garands, M1 .30 Cal Carbines, 1911's, etc. They had done research and experimentation with solutions, and would duplicate the color or shade of parkerizing that came from each of the manufacturers.
Back to the oil... a great part of parkerizing's corrosion protection comes from the porous surface formed by the chemical reaction. This surface holds oil like a sponge. It is this ability to hold oil that helps in protecting from corrosion.
Anyone who has degreased a parkerized firearm has seen the change in color that results. Ditto, burning the oil off the barrel by rapid fire.
So, it is partly the oil, partly formulation of the park solution.