1. How big is tank?
2. What sized/type pump or filtration unit.
3. What will be in tank besides fish?
4. What kind of fish?
5. How many fish do you want?
1 & 2 Bigger is better in terms of happy healthy fish (always).
3. Gravel, plants, filter, certain water creatures can all add or hurt the tank's healthy life cycle.
4. Certain fish like goldfish are dirtier than other fish, but also can survive in neglected tanks easier.
5. Generally, the rule of thumb for little fish (beta's, teras, etc) is one inch of fish per gallon of water. Larger fish need more.
I always tell people who want to attempt raising a few fish to buy bigger than they think. 30 gallon minimum, even if it's just for a couple fish. Why, because fish will do much better in a bigger tank in terms of health. The maintenance will be the same as a tiny 10-15 gallon, but your margin of error for mistakes is much better. Plus, if you decide you dont want the fish, it's much easier to sell a larger tank. Also buy a larger pump/filter versus smaller for the same reason you get a larger tank. The BIOWheel type hang-on-tank filters are very good.
Basic steps that "should" be used for new fresh water tanks.
1. Fill tank with gravel (2-3 inches at bottom is a good amount), plants, decorations, and pump/filter (after rinsing with clean water). Fill tank with water and either dump in a bit of bottled bacteria, or just a "pinch" of fish food that will settle and rot (food for the bacteria).
2. Let set for 3 days minimum (a week is better, two weeks better still) with everything working, but no fish. This gets the bacteria life-cycle going. These bacteria break down the waste products of fish crap/piss and extra food. They are ESSENTIAL for a good healthy low-maintenance tank, but take time to grow on all the stuff inside your tank.
3. Add a single fish and let him be for a week. Feed him "once" just a tiny bit. (the good bacteria need time to adapt)
4. If he is still alive at end of week, add more fish, but one one or two at a time. Since this is a new time, the bacteria must be given time to expand to compensate for each of the extra fish.
5. Feed fish once every day at MAX and only a "very" tiny bit. Overfeeding kills fish, underfeeding just keeps them small.
6. Do NOT change out the floss filters every couple of weeks like the instructions say (they are just trying to sell you filters). The old filters are full of good bacteria and you should only change them when the are absolutely falling apart. If they get too clogged, you can swish them out with clean water, but you want that bacteria in them and new filters have zero bacteria.
7. Enjoy watching your fish, but don't feed them except that tiny bit one a day at MAXIMUM!!
Note: If tank gets cloudy during the break-in, the clouds are all the new bacteria. The tank will subside to back to clear after a while (the bacteria count balances out), but you might kill a fish or two getting it there.
8. Once it is well balanced, you shouldn't have to do much of anything to the tank. Just a top off of water once in a while. Keep it out of direct sunlight if you don't want green algea everywhere.