Quoted: Needing a government document for a marriage is just wrong. It's like needing a government permit to own a firearm, it just shouldn't be. Marriage is a Religious institution, not a government one so they should just keep their nose out of it. JMHO, YMMV.
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Marriage can be both, or either, religious and governmental/secular.
You can get a marriage license and take your vows/oath before a judge. Bang, married (legally). Your church may or may not recognize it.
I think it is less common that someone would be religiously married and not legally, aside from paperwork screwups. I think it was probably a more common situation when there were laws against, say, inter-racial marriages. Another example from more recent times are the offshoots of the LDS church where polygamy is allowed. Clearly not all of those marriages (if any) are "legal" marriages, but they are religiously valid in that sect.
Jim