OK, there are 3 major concentrated areas of nightlife in Houston: North Downtown (clubs, theaters, dressier), Rice Village (bars, college crowd, relaxed), Richmond Strip (many open air bars, titty bars, very relaxed but trashy). If you're going to work downtown live inside loop 610 or around the Galleria at very furthest. If you don't you'll curse the day you ever decided not to.
As far as shooting ranges I know of, I usually go to American Shooting Center off of Hwy. 6 & Westheimer, near the Nat'l Guard Training Center. It's outdoors, not too expensive, and as long as you follow the rules and don't act like a jackass, they're pretty open minded. Last time there, there was a guy unloading w/ his pistol grip shotgun on a target about 15 feet away, w/ no complaints from the range guys. The rifle range has some good distances and spotting scopes behind each bench. There's also an attached skeet shooting center if that's your thing.
Jobs? Check out www.houstonemployment.com
Usually a good list there.