Help Save Old Ironsides
by Mike Kelly
Most Americans instantly recognize the nickname of one of our country's most famous fighting ships, the U.S.S. Constitution. And if you're planning on visiting it this summer in Boston, don't get alarmed and cancel your trip because of the headline above. Old Ironsides is in great shape at present, swaying gently and majestically at her moorings. But such was not always the case.
One of the first three naval vessels built in the United States, this 44-gun frigate with its solid oak hull and distinctive copper plating (courtesy of Paul Revere's shop) was launched in 1797, and began her legendary career within that year by ridding American waters of swarms of French privateers. In the early 1800's, African pirates based in Tripoli had so disrupted international sea traffic that the United States and others were humiliated into paying an annual tribute of "protection money" to keep trade going. In 1804, we had had enough and declared war on the piratical thugs of the Barbary States. As a consequence of the long procession of pirate vessels dispatched into the murky depths of the Mediterranean by our Constitution's pounding cannon, the Pasha of the Barbary States begged for unconditional surrender to bring "Operation Barbary Storm" to an end.
This episode alone would have been more than enough to ensure a place of honor in the annals of American naval history for this proud man-o'-war, but despite having to be remasted and repaired after each intense engagement, the indomitable Constitution continued to defend our shores and sea lanes as Britain's last attempt at regaining her truant colony, the War of 1812, reached across the Atlantic.
In August of 1812, with the British blockade of our eastern and gulf coasts strangling the flow of French trade goods, the Constitution broke free of Boston Harbor, then engaged the larger British frigate Guerriere in a long battle. The sight of cannonballs bouncing off her thick oak sides during this fierce contest prompted one gunner to taunt his British adversaries across the waves with "Huzzah, her sides are made of IRON," imparting a nickname she would carry forever. As final proof of the title, Old Ironsides reduced the Guerriere to floating rubble that wasn't even of value as a prize, then set her carcass on fire and sank her.
While there were many battles just as fierce before and after in the War of 1812, this particular incident occurred at a point when our morale was at its lowest point, with our national spirit still shackled by a centuries-old belief in Britain's Sovereignty of the Seas that needed to be shattered as it was on August 19th, 1812, before we could see the possibility of victory.
Her exploits would continue to make the U.S.S. Constitution the Grande Dame of the American fleet well into the next century, but the cost of battle had been high, and she now faced new enemies -- old age and bureaucracy. Faced with yet another expensive overhaul of her tradition-soaked decks, the government first toyed with dismantling Old Ironsides in the 1830s. A young Boston law student, Oliver Wendell Holmes, rallied the public's patriotic spirit to preserve this treasure when his poem was published nationwide.
Eric The(Historical)Hun[>]:)]