What are, if any, the laws pertaining to this? Can I legally give a regulated firearm to my father or do we need FFL etc? We both reside in Maryland. What about from step-son to step-father if step-father lives in a state where said firearm is not regulated (ie. WV)?

Quoted: What about from step-son to step-father if step-father lives in a state where said firearm is not regulated (ie. WV)?

IF it crosses state lines you MUST get a FFL involved.  Period - no exceptions.

I'll have to check the law on in-state family transfers of regulated weapons.

Thanks!

Quoted: What are, if any, the laws pertaining to this? Can I legally give a regulated firearm to my father or do we need FFL etc? We both reside in Maryland.

It will need to go through MSP and the waiting period, per MD "restricted firearms" laws.
The fact that you're related means nothing in this context.

What about from step-son to step-father if step-father lives in a state where said firearm is not regulated (ie. WV)?

Interstate transfers have to go through an FFL, as per federal law.
Regulated or not has no bearing in this context.
The firearm, currently in MD, must be shipped to an FFL in WV, for transfer to the step-father. Whether it is regulated/restricted or not only matters at the receiving end. In the case of WV, it will be (properly) considered a "long gun", and a simple NICS, pay the FFL for his transfer and he can carry it out with him.

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Quoted:
What are, if any, the laws pertaining to this? Can I legally give a regulated firearm to my father or do we need FFL etc? We both reside in Maryland.
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It will need to go through MSP and the waiting period, per MD "restricted firearms" laws.
The fact that you're related means nothing in this context."

-what if you are just loaning it to him for a few days or weeks, in-State?

Quoted: -what if you are just loaning it to him for a few days or weeks, in-State?

No different than selling it, as it will be out of your direct control and supervision.