State Land: In addition to bow season, there is also A (Lottery) and B (No lottery) shotgun season. There is also a black powder rifle shotgun deer season for state land.
State land is very difficult, especially during B season (the deer are already under pressure from A and there is more hunters vying for open spaces). It's all a matter of finding the right spot- which could include looking at some of the smaller, disociated parcels.
Private land: You can use rifles greater that .243/6mm on 10+ acres with owner consent. The is a new season for .357 and up revolvers as well on an additional $5 tag (I'm not too familiar with the specifics). There is also bow, shotgun, and muzzle loaders allowed on private land "regardless of acerage.... (There is some people with bows that are very successful in suburban and even outlying portions of urban communities).