Asbestos is a great insulator. Compressed asbestos in the form of gaskets and piping insulation was often used in steam and internal combustion exhaust systems and other places in the engineering plant of Navy ships. It was also used in the deck tiling throughout the ship.
All United States Navy ships built until about 1980 were full of asbestos. The first ships reported to be asbestos free were the Spruance class destroyers. In fact, they were not. During their mid-life overhauls, asbestos insulation was found around the waste heat boilers that were used with the gas turbine generator sets. This material was removed during that overhaul.
I have been exposed to asbestos and am on the monitoring program. Asbestos is not a hazard to man IF it is not crushed, scraped, chopped, ground, or otherwise aerosolized. Only asbestos dust is hazardous. Typically, the worst incidents were when the sailors and yard workers ripped out the piping insulation. That stuff is a fine powdery clay-like material when cut and ripped out. In that form it is extremely dangerous to unprotected people.
If your client was a member of the "rip-out" crew aboard ship, or worked in a shipyard tearing out the piping and machinery systems of the old ships, before the current Navy safety and OSHA regulations were put in place, then he/she was likely exposed to asbestos.
I recommend you contact the Veteran's Administration for more info.