Detroit Changes Police Gun Policy
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BEN SCHMITT
The Detroit Free Press via The Associated Press
The Detroit Police Department has ended its decades-old policy that required officers to carry their department-issued weapons at all times.
Off-duty officers now have the option of leaving their guns at home when they're off duty. Previously, cops were exempt from the policy only when they were in church, on vacation or attending a sporting event.
The change is being driven by reforms arising from Detroit's federally mandated consent decree and from national trends, said Detroit Police Inspector Jamie Fields, of the department's planning and accreditation section. Fields said concerns over cops and off-duty alcohol drinking also played a role in making the requirement an option.
In 2003, the department was placed under federal oversight for five years and ordered to reform its use of force and prisoner care policies. As part of the order, the department is required to revise its policies so cops are prohibited from carrying weapons "in situations where an officer's performance may be impaired."
Fields said: "If you're off-duty and you're carrying a weapon and you make an arrest, you may be subject to a field sobriety test. And remember that outside of the city of Detroit, officers only have the rights of normal citizens."
About 33 percent of Detroit police officers live in the suburbs.
Police union officials said Wednesday that the policy was relaxed to shift liability away from the city and place it on individual officers who get into trouble.
"We've asked for a meeting to find out where the department is coming from," said Sgt. James Gawlowski, president of the Detroit Police Lieutenants and Sergeants Association. "Our position is that officers are on duty 24 hours a day, and seven days a week."
The issue of cops carrying guns at all times made headlines two years ago when Detroit Police Sgt. Kevin Kemp shot and killed a man while trying to break up a fight at a west-side Detroit bar.
While Kemp was cleared of criminal charges, some questioned why he was not given a blood-alcohol test. Police also reported that the victim was armed, though a weapon was never found. The victim's family is suing the city and Kemp.
Fields said officers making an arrest while off duty would be required to submit to a Breathalyzer if they are suspected of drinking.
Farmington Hills Police Chief Bill Dwyer said his 120 sworn officers are not required to have weapons off duty, but most carry them.
"I think that requirement was established when you had residency in Detroit," said Dwyer, a 23-year Detroit police veteran. "I'm still a strong supporter of officers carrying their weapons off duty. It's pretty well embedded in police officers that they want to be prepared to take action."
Macomb County Sheriff Mark Hackel said he never understood the Detroit police gun requirement.
"You can't do that unless you're going to pay them," Hackel said. "We've never required our officers to carry their guns while off duty. They do have the option."
Ron Scott, spokesman for the Detroit Coalition Against Police Brutality, said he's pleased with the policy change.
"I think it reduces the potential for violence," he said. "I think off-duty officers should not even have the option of carrying a gun."
Detroit Police Commissioner Megan Norris said officers' use of guns plays a major role in the consent decree's section on the use of force.
"Certainly the department is evaluating the effect that someone having a firearm with them at all times has, especially when we're not in a position to monitor their conduct at all times," she said. "What the old policy did was blur the line between off-duty and on-duty conduct."