Quoted:
Not easy at all, without a very organized government effort. Arpanet and the Internet were designed to be as redundant as possible. Scattered denial of service are easy, a complete shutdown is not.
While total denial of service may not be practical I am sure the government could twist arms of major ISPs and backbone companies. This would take off line the highest capacity servers and comm lines, and force routing through smaller server farms and comm lines. Add to this that in an emergency everyone will be online to find out what is happening and you would have tremendously degraded service. Each web page would take minutes or hours to load.
In such a scenario it would be best to revert to low bandwidth friendly web pages such as text-only. Currently the Internet has grown to service image dense pages. Text-only pages would be barely a blip for transmission. In a severely degraded state the Internet might be able to stay reasonably responsive by reverting to text-only, and storing key photos and videos at limited sights for group viewing. The problem is that a lot of people would still be "competing" to give the best info by posting image dense content which would jam up transfers.
I suspect a government initiated slowdown would at first cause immense aggravation and near total lock up. But Internet users have proven to be extremely adaptable and would soon figure out the advantages of text-only pages and limiting images for certain sites that could be used for less frequent group viewing. Once enough info got passed around about what was truly happening there would be political uproar to force the government to cease its interference.
The tech companies have all worked to
enable extensive government control of the Internet, vis a vis China. And the government has proven how easily it can control major corporations: Chrysler, GM, Lehman Bros., BofA, etc. If they realy, really wanted to it would be easy for the .gov to throttle back, filetr, or completely shut down the Internet, if they were willing to bear the consequences. Then FAX machines would make a comeback, like in 1985 Poland.