Least expensive method to solve your problem (based on a square frame. ie all four boards being equal in length)
-go to the local hobby store and pick up a large plastic drafting triangle.
-move the saw to the right at 45 degrees, lock the saw blade in the down position
-adjust using the drafting triangle (see owners manual)
Your boards are too long to use stops on that factory fence. You need to install a long piece of wood to your fence to extend it. (note the holes in your aluminum fence).
Mine is a bit more advanced but I think you'll get the idea. (note the stops on my fence)
-OK, take your four new boards and cut a miter on each board.
-take one of the cut boards and flip it over.
-line it up on your saw to cut the opposite miter (no cutting yet)
-clamp a scrap piece of wood to your extended fence so that your already cut miter butts up against it. Clamp it TIGHT so it will not move.
-now take each board, slide the already cut miter against your stop and cut the opposite angle. Yes this includes the first board as you might have clamped your stop a little bit off from where you lined it up with the saw blade.
If you've done the above correctly, all four miters should line up nice and flush. Note, this is an end grain to end grain joint so you want to reinforce it with something other than just glue. Dowells, biscuits, nails, splines, etc. Best way to clamp it up is with a band clamp.
Or you could build a sliding miter jig for your table saw but that's another lesson.