Depends on your pedal technique. if you're riding platform pedals, you're only transmitting about a quarter of your available power to the wheels.
If you're riding toe clips, or better yet clipless pedals, you can get a lot more out of a cycling workout and ride farther, faster.
You want to think circles, even though your pedal effort will feel like you're drawing a square.
Here's how it works with clipless pedals and some practice:
From 11:00 to 2:00 push forward and down on the pedal, like you're trying to scrape mud off your shoe.
From 2:00 to 5:00 push down naturally
From 5:00 to 7:00 push down and back, like you're trying to scrape mud off your shoe again.
From 7:00 to 11:00 pull up with your calves to start the stroke again. You'll feel this all the way down the backs of your legs if you do it right.
I've been riding clipless for about 7 years, and I'll never go back to platforms or toe clips.
With this technique, an average person can out ride people who are in Adonis-like physical condition, but who use poor pedal technique.
I ride a 32 pound Mtn bike on the local trail, and I can stay on the back wheel of all but the most serious roadies. Nothing gives a roadie more motivation than seeing a 205 pound guy on an off-road rig drafting on his ass for twelve miles.